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Ammophila breviligulata
''Ammophila breviligulata'' (American beachgrass or American marram grass) is a species of grass that is native to eastern North America, where it grows on sand dunes along the Atlantic Ocean and Great Lakes coasts. Beachgrass thrives under conditions of shifting sand, sand burial, and high winds; it is a dune-building grass that builds the first line of sand dunes along the coast. Beachgrass is less vigorous in stabilized sand, and is only infrequently found further inland than the coastal foredunes. ''A. breviligulata'' was introduced to the Pacific coast of North America in the 1930s. It is proving to be invasive, and is increasingly important to coastal ecology and development in Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia.
==Botanical description==
The leaves of ''A. breviligulata'' have deeply furrowed upper surfaces and smooth undersides, and grow tall. The plant's inflorescence is a spike-like panicle that can reach long; the seed head appears in late July or August. The species name ''breviligulata'' derives from the Latin ''brevis'' ("short") and ''ligula'' ("tongue"),〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://wisplants.uwsp.edu/scripts/detail.asp?SpCode=AMMBRE )〕 which refers to a small feature of grasses called the ligule.
''A. breviligulata'' is quite similar in appearance and ecology to a second species of beachgrass, ''Ammophila arenaria'' (European beachgrass). As Nick Page has summarized, "''Ammophila breviligulata'' is distinguished from ''A. arenaria'' by smaller ligules (1-3 mm versus 10-30 mm long in ''A. arenaria''), wider and less inrolled leaves, longer flower spike (25-35 cm versus 15-25 cm long in ''A. arenaria''), and scaly rather than puberulent leaf veins on the upper leaf surface."
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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